［团队研究速递］一种用户友好、具有可调机械性能的多功能水凝胶喷雾剂可用于止血和感染伤口愈合（Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces，2026）

中英文摘要

摘要 创伤性大出血是全球急诊医学领域的一个关键问题。传统的止血材料如纱布和海绵存在与不规则伤口粘附性差、粘附强度低等问题。现有的止血水凝胶也面临活性止血效率不足、界面粘附性与柔韧性平衡困难以及功能协同性缺乏等瓶颈，难以满足临床需求。为应对这些挑战，本研究开发了一种自修复水凝胶喷雾，该喷雾通过动态席夫碱反应，将氧化右旋糖酐（ODex）与聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）简单混合即可原位形成，从而实现高效止血。得益于“醛-氨基”活性交联机制，该水凝胶喷雾在15秒内即可快速凝胶化并产生超过10千帕的粘附强度，同时具有良好的自修复性能，能够适应动态和不规则伤口。聚乙烯亚胺的静电物理抗菌特性有效抑制了革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌，避免了耐药性的风险。通过调节右旋糖酐的氧化程度，进一步优化了材料的止血-粘附协同作用，且该水凝胶制备工艺简单、成本低廉、使用方便，可在室温下储存，具有良好的生物相容性。动物实验表明，该水凝胶喷雾能快速覆盖并粘附于伤口，有效止血，同时降低感染风险并促进伤口愈合，为新一代临床可用创伤止血材料的开发提供了创新策略和技术支持。

关键词：水凝胶喷雾；用户友好；自修复；伤口敷料；粘附性

Abstract Traumatic massive hemorrhage is a critical problem in the global emergency medicine field. Traditional hemostatic materials such as gauze and sponge have problems such as poor adhesion to irregular wounds and low adhesion strength. Existing hemostatic hydrogels also face bottlenecks such as insufficient active hemostatic efficiency, challenges in balancing interface adhesion and flexibility, and a lack of functional synergy, making it difficult to meet clinical needs. To address these challenges, this study develops a self-healing hydrogel spray that can form in situ for efficient hemostasis by simply mixing oxidized dextran (ODex) with polyethyleneimine (PEI) through a dynamic Schiff base reaction. Benefiting from the 'aldehyde-amino' active crosslinking mechanism, this hydrogel spray exhibits rapid gelation, triggering crosslinking within 15 s, with an adhesion strength exceeding 10 kPa, while also possessing good self-healing properties to adapt to dynamic and irregular wound. The electrostatic physical antibacterial properties of polyethyleneimine effectively suppress both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, avoiding the risk of drug resistance. By adjusting the oxidation degree of dextran, the hemostatic-adhesion synergy of the material has been further optimized, and the hydrogel preparation process is simple, cost-effective, user-friendly and can be stored at room temperature, with good biocompatibility. Animal experiments indicate that this hydrogel spray can quickly cover and adhere to the wound, effectively stopping bleeding, while reducing the risk of infection and promoting wound healing, providing innovative strategies and technical support for the development of a new generation of clinically available traumatic hemostatic materials.